Specialist Surgeon | Female Health Care | Cape Town Mediclinic
A gastroscopy examines the upper digestive tract: the oesophagus, the stomach and the first part of the small intestine. A colonoscopy examines the lining of the large bowel. Which test is appropriate depends on your symptoms, and some patients need both.
What Does a Gastroscopy Examine?
A gastroscope, a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera, is passed through the mouth to examine the oesophagus, stomach and first part of the small intestine (duodenum).
It is used to investigate symptoms such as:
- Indigestion or heartburn that persists or keeps returning despite medication.
- Difficulty or pain on swallowing.
- Pain in the upper abdomen.
It can also help diagnose ulcers and infection, and monitor known conditions. More detail is on the gastroscopy page.
What Does a Colonoscopy Examine?
A colonoscope, a longer flexible tube with a camera, is passed through the back passage to examine the lining of the large bowel (colon).
It is used to investigate symptoms such as:
- Bleeding from the back passage.
- A change in bowel habit or persistent diarrhoea.
- Abdominal pain.
It may also be advised where there is a strong family history of bowel cancer, or to monitor conditions such as Crohn's disease or colitis. More detail is on the colonoscopy page.
How Does the Preparation Differ?
For a gastroscopy, the stomach must be empty, so you will be asked not to eat for a period beforehand.
For a colonoscopy, the bowel must be clear. This involves dietary instructions beforehand and a laxative bowel preparation. Some medicines may need to be adjusted. See How to Prepare for a Colonoscopy. You will be given specific instructions for either test.
Can Samples Be Taken During the Test?
Yes. During either test, small tissue samples (biopsies) can be taken through the scope and sent to the laboratory. During a colonoscopy, polyps can also be removed. See We Found a Polyp. What Does That Mean?.
Frequently Asked Questions
Will I be sedated?
Sedation is available for both tests. For a gastroscopy, a local anaesthetic throat spray may be used instead of, or with, sedation. If you have sedation, an adult must take you home.
Which test do I need?
That depends on your symptoms, and some patients need both. Your doctor advises which examination is appropriate after assessing you.
If you have digestive symptoms that need investigation, please arrange a consultation with Dr. Loots.
Book a ConsultationThis article provides general information only and does not constitute medical advice. If you are concerned about your health, please seek advice from a doctor.